Nephrology is a medicine field that studies kidney diseases (nephritis, pyelonephritis, amyloidosis, etc.), their etiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prophylaxis. The complexity of nephrology is examined by clinicians, morphologists, physiologists, radiologists; Nephrology is closely related to urology.

Individual reports of renal disease are still found in the sources of antique medicine. Richard Braight, who is the founder of the teaching on nephrology, has a detailed description of the clinical features of the disease. The main problems of this field are kidney diffusion and focal inflammatory diseases, including tuberculosis, renal hypertension and others.