Hematology is a science that studies blood, blood vessels, their structures, functions, diseases and treatment methods, as well as blood-forming processes and changes in the pathological condition of the organism. Endo and exogenic factors in these processes, morphology and cellular processes, plasma properties, blood system etiology, pathogenesis, clinic and treatment.

Hematology, as science, was introduced in XVII, related to discovery of blood cells by other scientists. A relatively comprehensive description of hematologic diseases began in the 30s of the XIX century.